Is platt college a trade school

Was having a nice time with my boyfriend playing video games yesterday, and I got to the topic of going to the hair salon. I got my hair dyed back to black, because I used to have brown highlights.
I was showing him pictures and he shut it down saying no, I can’t have this one, or I can have this shade but it must be light.
I ask him why he says he has had bad experiences with people with those certain hair colors. Then I had to find out exactly why and he said finally that his ex girlfriend was crazy and she had those hair colors, so he doesn’t want me to dye my hair as it’ll just remind him of how bad she was.
Now I can understand being hurt by someone, but I feel like the logic of it is just unavoidable. Like you’ll eventually have to encounter someone with dyed hair at your place of work, college, or family and you can’t expect them to change.
I’ve never had people in my life say anything about controlling hair colors so I’m honestly scratching my head to see if I’m going crazy about this.
Any thoughts please?

With a Reddit NFT marketplace seeming inevitable, and those doors opening the ability for their entire user base to trade and purchase avatars, surely they will need a bridge between Fiat currencies and the Blockchain NFTs.
With that in mind, one has to question how that bridge will be achieved. Are they partnering up with an existing entity that will automatically convert between the two? It is one possibility, though it would still mean a sacrifice in fees that would go towards external businesses. Or could a Reddit exchange be an idea that they are toying with? There have been exchanges that began with smaller beginnings, so would such an idea be too farfetched?

Hello everyone,
I’m having a tough time deciding between two schools. One has a very high BL rate with a lower FC rate (higher combined). The second one has a pretty high FC rate and a lower BL rate (lower combined). I have no interest in BL (at least right now) and I would love to clerk before doing government work. Is it a mistake to look at the combined numbers, should I assume each school has the same amount of people who want clerkships vs. actually get them?

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What a freakin' tour huh?! It all started in Wrightsville Beach, included an insane 10-date stretch with the wonderful Hayley Jane (complete with more than a few debuts/FTPs) and finished on the big stage at The Cap. I can't claim to be an OG fan, but being around since early last year... this tour truly felt like a changing of the guard. There's no stopping this train now.
Here are my personal highlights:
2/15/23 - Wrightsville Beach - Exactly what you can imagine it to be if you weren't there. A tried and true beach show at a beachside venue. Lots of locals. GREAT sound. FTP on No Quarter (Sam mentioned before the song that they didn't really know how to play it fully yet... safe to say, it was a success). Great Samba > Fenway > Samba sandwich. I don't believe I'll ever see the guys at a place this chill and small again... so I'll cherish this one! Also, $2 beers! WHAT?! Long live The Palm Room.
3/4/23 - Chicago - A marathon run of a night in which the very talented local act Lunar Ticks opened. Someone gave Mr. Tooker a bubble gun. Getting Chicago moving with a funky People Say > Craig and Pat combo. Way To Be first set closer ripper. Second set Apple song combo (I can't tell you enough how much I love Applesauce) and a Phishy encore — Julius!
3/5/23 - Kalamazoo - Jimmy Law's birthday! 24 years young, but already a rising guitar legend, Michigan showed Jimmy some Midwest love. Great versions of Feel Like A Stranger, Look Johnny, Bent Strange. Samba for Sam all-timer.
3/8/23 - Covington - First night with Hayley Jane! Four debuts with Hayley. She explained on stage that she visited the guys in NJ and spent some time with all of them to write songs. The songs came together quickly and organically. And it definitely showed from the first note. Favorites include Jungle Foot (Hayley/Joey song), Little Bird (Hayley/Brian song) and Paper Fly (Hayley/Jimmy song). Crazy Fingers FTP with Jimmy sounding almost *too* much like Jerry. Goosebumps. Four-song encore to complete a ripping night in Northern Kentucky.
3/9/23 - Lakewood - Second night with Hayley. Hayley let the Dogs in on one of her old tunes Cosmic Katrina. A fun poppy, quirky and even heavy (at times) song. This Woman (Hayley/Jeremy song) debut. Intense and a special song to Hayley personally — she later mentioned at another date (think it was Pembroke) how empowering it was to write and perform. CHARLIE. Out of the 13 dates that I attended on the tour, this still stands out as the best jam I saw. Those that were there were left speechless. The roar following the jam from the Cleveland crowd was thunderous. A flawless Samba > Pedro > Samba sandwich. The Dogs certainly gained a whole slew of new fans in Ohio.
3/10/23 - Ann Arbor - Any Led Zeppelin fans in here? FTP (w/ Hayley) on Trampled Under Foot > Long Train Runnin' (Doobie Bros) > Trampled. Brand New Key > Hey Pocky A-Way played for the third straight night w/ Hayley, but this is an amazing thing. Such a great cover to get the crowd grooving. Bent Strange monster — similar crowd reaction as the Lakewood Charlie. El Sonidito dance party > Thriller 161 show bustout!
3/15/23 - Rochester - Upstate NY came to get down! This was a sellout. Packed room in an old-school club. Bubble lit the space on fire and they didn't let up for the next few hours. In contention for one of my favorite Dogs shows attended. Excellent crowd vibes. Other highlights include Applesauce, Blues for Brian, Back to the Start (love the placement), G Song, Nicolette debut... pretty much the entire show. Just head to bandcamp and take a listen for yourself.
3/17/23 - Saratoga Springs - Another sellout! Another birthday! This time, sir Sam Lucid turned 25. It sounds redundant given what I said about Rochester, but this is also a contender for my top-attended Dogs show ever. Wire-to-wire fire. Cats Under the Stars all-timer. Ben Pinnola (from "Benny had a bugle on his shelf") joined them for a few tunes including an intense Bugle on the Shelf that had an amazing high-energy finishing section. FTP on Steely Dan's Deacon Blues (birthday boy Sam on vocals) and New York State of Mind (Jeremy on vocals). Say Something to close out St. (Craig and) Patrick's Day in epic style.
What are your favorite memories from this tour? Where did you see the Dogs? Where will you see them next?!

So when Lamar was coming out of high school I had a buddy who worked in the recruiting office for Nebraska and he told me a story of when he and his mom were in town for a visit that they (Lamar and his mom) got a phone call when they were on the way from the airport in Omaha to Lincoln. That call was from Louisville people and it was to tell Lamar’s mom that they have some money for them. He didn’t even finish his whole recruiting visit because he knew that he was going to go to Louisville instead.
The whole point of my sharing this story with you is to point out that Lamar has had his mom managing his money since he was 17.
Choose to believe this story or not I don’t really care. Just thought it might be interesting to most ravens fans. Because it is 100% true

I am planning to relocate to a TL country for 9 months. I am at A1 now in my TL (Spanish).
I will be living with a host family and taking group classes 4 hrs/day in Spanish at a language school.
Between September - February (6 months) I will *also* be studying for a licensing exam in English about 15 hours a week. The rest of my time (September - May) I will be exclusively focused on Spanish. I estimate I can study around 50 hours a week.
Is C1 a good stretch goal? Is C2 even in the realm of possibility? Is there anything you would change about my plan to reach the stretch goal?

***The two separate weekly threads that were going on in this subreddit have been merged for now. Feel free to comment any separate or combined ISOs, items for sale, and items for trade on this weekly post.**\*
​
ISO:
All ISO related posts should be commented in this megathread from now on. Individual ISO posts will be removed.
​
SELLING & TRADING:
Please review the selling & trading rules before commenting. As a reminder, your Reddit account should be at least one month old if you want to sell or trade.
The basic rules are (but PLEASE review the full rules):

• You MUST upload a photo of the items you are trading or selling - No stock images or images that are not yours. You can upload images to Imgur and share the link in a comment on this post. THIS ALSO APPLIES TO TRADE OFFERS. Comment with a photo of your item you are offering to trade before private messaging.
  • Any very RARE items should have a photo with a handwritten timestamp (your Reddit username and the date handwritten on a piece of paper).
  • i.e. "Record Store Days" Vinyl Records, 'Lover' Snow Globe, Signed Items, and Lithographs
• If you are interested in a sale or trade, comment "Sent a private message to you. I accept your listed price or I have X item to trade" so the moderator(s) know who is reaching out to who.
• No "Taking offers" comments - Items being sold must have a clear price. If anyone tries to sell something to you ABOVE their listed price - please let the moderators know.
  • If you want to negotiate a lower price or offer something else that is not an ISO, please do so in the comments first.
  • Insane price gouging is not allowed.
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• Please edit your comment once you've accepted an offer and tag the user you are selling or trading to.
• No trade or sale sniping - If an offer is accepted, other members should wait 24 hours before commenting to ask if the transaction went through. If two users make the same offer, the person who offered first gets priority.

There are a lot of scammers out there or bad sellers so these rules are in place to help protect the members of this subreddit. There are new members joining every day and some people are completely new to Reddit. No worries if you make some mistakes. PLEASE be wary about selling or trading to ANYONE who does not want to follow these rules (i.e. not uploading a photo and listing a clear price).

The Ohio train disaster, the Navy struggling to rebuild when China is rapidly building up their military for Taiwan, and the debacle with a nuclear power plant in Minnesota.
It is sad seeing America in the current state it's in.
What happened?
Have we been dumbed down? Have we become too selfish?
It seems like in addition to excessive greed and inequality there has also been promotion of a culture of looking down on blue collar that looks down on blue collar work.
Even I succumbed to such a mindset during my college years in the early 2010s. Ever since the American space program has been doing more excited things during the past two years I have a more favorable outlook on blue collar work now.

Playstation users: Are you looking to buy or trade something? This is your thread!

• As a reminder, any reposting of the same/similar content within this post will be considered spam and against our rules. If you posted to the AM thread, feel free to post here as well.
• Make an effort to condense your comment or it will be removed, Don't make it scream for attention; you're selling something, we get it. If it's taking up half a mobile screen...it's too much. If you're using the heading text, all caps, etc. it's too much.

Trade Thread Terms and what they mean.

• LF = Looking For
• LTT = Looking To Trade
• LTS = Looking To Sell
• WTT = Want To Trade
• WTB = Want To Buy.

Please Include the series of Console you are on as well (PS4 or PS5)
Deals involving any amount of money/gift cards/etc. are against the rules of this subreddit. hutcoinsales is a subreddit for this, though not endorsed by this subreddit. If you receive a PM about what you are selling, know that it's going to be a scam 95%+. These are PMs from banned accounts, using fake hutrep, to scam you out of your in game currency.

I have a Karve CB coming, Solid bar, G plate on order and should have it this week.
I’m coming from a Mühle R89, Supply SE and most recently a Leaf Twig. I’ve been wet shaving for about 8 years now. All of the are wonderful but as the collection grows, I want to add a premium Razor. My thought process is to obtain greater efficiency mainly to use after a bit of weekend hair growth.
I’m a bit nervous, school me on my first aggressive razor. Thanks.

Zilberland, officially known as Dos Zilberland in Yiddish, is a landlocked country located in the historical region of Galicja in Central Europe. With a population of approximately 8 million people, Zilberland is a diverse and multicultural country with a rich history and vibrant cultural scene.
The capital city of Zilberland is Vaysechvitz, a bustling metropolis with a population of over 1.5 million people. Other major cities include Zilbergrad, Yonivitz, and Kiselvitz. The official language of Zilberland is Yiddish, although many citizens also speak Polish and Ukrainian.
Zilberland has a mixed economy with a strong emphasis on technology, manufacturing, and tourism. The country is known for its high-tech industry, producing cutting-edge products such as smartphones, computers, and medical equipment. The tourism industry is also a major contributor to the economy, with many visitors coming to see the historic landmarks and cultural attractions throughout the country.
The flag of Zilberland features a blue and white background with a large Star of David in the center. The blue represents the sky and freedom, while the white symbolizes peace and purity. The Star of David is a prominent symbol in Jewish culture and represents the unity and strength of the Jewish people.
Zilberland has a rich cultural heritage, with a thriving arts scene that includes music, dance, theater, and literature. Traditional Yiddish music and dance are popular throughout the country, as are modern styles such as hip-hop and electronic music. The country is also home to many museums and galleries showcasing the history and art of the Jewish people.
In terms of politics, Zilberland is a parliamentary republic with a multi-party system. The current president is David Stern, who was elected in 2019. Zilberland is a member of the United Nations, the European Union, and other international organizations.
Zilberland has a high standard of living and is known for its excellent healthcare and education systems. The country has a universal healthcare system that provides free medical care to all citizens, and its schools and universities are highly regarded for their academic rigor and innovation.

brief:
The correct way to use AI is not prompt words, writing codes, emotional consultation, or answering questions. Instead, AI uses AI, that is, the model uses itself. To make AI conscious, it must let AI learn to use AI, that is, let GPT use GPT, and finally achieve the corresponding purpose, that is, have self-awareness. In short: it is not scary when you use the model, it is scary when the model uses itself.
AGI is also general artificial intelligence, artificial general intelligence.
As mentioned above, the brain is a model that has been trained for tens of thousands of years. After each person is born, this model is also constantly receiving data for training. However, each person's own brain is also a model trained by oneself, which cannot be inherited. That is to say, neither your memory nor your abilities can be inherited, and only heritable gene mutations can be inherited. Although the quantum gene mutation proposed by modern biology can partially demonstrate that the mutation for environmental adaptation is caused by measurement. Most of the gene mutations are mutations caused by external interference or material influence, such as alcohol rays, etc. Quantum gene mutations are mainly caused by the molecules or atoms of the genes being in a quantum superposition state, or quantum polymorphism. The collapse of the wave function causes the mutated genes to enter the classical world, and the quantum mutation is likely to lead to a mutation that adapts to the environment, so it makes sense to use it or lose it. If everyone's well-trained brain can be inherited, then it is basically immortality, mainly because your memory and ability are in the brain, and the brain can be inherited, that is eternal life. But human beings cannot preserve everyone's model, that is, memory and function.
How did human consciousness arise?
Or how did the first (group of) conscious humans appear? This is like a very classic question, which came first, the chicken or the egg? Chicken or Egg? Modern scientific theory also gives a possible answer, see the appendix. Let’s assume that a mutant human, due to a genetic mutation, has increased the structural capacity of the brain and optimized the structure of the brain’s neural network. Only the structure of the neural network continues to Optimization, humanoids can survive in the cruel environment. Some of these gene mutations lead to the gradual use of one's own brain, including the use of memory tools. A human with a very small consciousness also used a similar method when cultivating offspring, and humanoids live in groups, which ensures that his methods can be handed over to many people. After other human beings learn it, they can replace Passed down from generation to generation, consciousness or knowledge of rules is continuously accumulated, and finally the accumulation and transmission of human knowledge from generation to generation has created the final formation of human consciousness. At the beginning, consciousness should be very small, that is, no consciousness can be seen, but the characteristics of human beings living in groups, As a result, knowledge can be passed on from generation to generation, and consciousness gradually becomes larger. Humans begin to have a slightly larger consciousness, that is, they can think, actively control the input of the brain, and act according to the output. The accumulation of human knowledge and rules in each generation Accumulation will gradually increase the formation of consciousness, that is, the thinking ability will gradually become stronger, and the active input of the brain will gradually increase. Until the singularity occurs, a certain human being is fully conscious or a few human beings are fully conscious. The earliest human beings should be ignorant. Only the emergence of knowledge and rules can create consciousness, that is, to use one's brain well and train one's brain.
Having said that, we must return to the main body of this article and make AI or GPT conscious.
what is human consciousness
To make AI or large-scale NLP language models conscious, it is necessary to start with what human consciousness is. My personal point of view is that human consciousness is part of the function of the brain. Consciousness is the brain's cognition of the world and itself. A set of operating system is used to perfectly control the body, train the model of the brain, and use the model of the brain. Consciousness is the recognition of human existence through various concepts and knowledge. Consciousness can control body movements by giving instructions to the brain. The eyes are responsible for the input of visual information, the ears are responsible for the input of auditory information, and the skin is responsible for the input of pressure, touch, pain, etc. After the brain processes these information, it is carried out by the conscious part. To sum up, the main function of consciousness is to coordinate the brain and the body, actively use the brain model, actively train the brain model, and actively think. The input and accumulation of various knowledge eventually leads to self-cognition. The development of Western anatomy is the subject of the brain’s self-cognition, the cognition of the world and the cognition of the planet. It turns out that Aristotle’s understanding of the world is actually incomplete, but later generations have continued to revise and improve on his basis, so that their understanding of the world has gradually become correct. This operating system is perfectly compatible. The body and the brain, the two main hardware and software, and the transmission of human knowledge are the fundamental driving force for the formation of consciousness. Without this knowledge, the formation of consciousness is basically impossible. The continuous sound in the brain is the input of the brain, that is, the input of the multi-modal model. The eyes are responsible for the input of visual images, the ears for hearing, and the skin for temperature, pressure, touch and other information to the brain. The subconscious mind is the main function of the brain, that is, the input of the subconscious mind cannot be perceived, it is the internal operation of the model, the input cannot be perceived, only the output can be perceived. In fact, it can’t be called subconsciousness. The main reason is that you can’t perceive the input of the model, only the output can be perceived. You might as well call the consciousness the surface consciousness. The surface consciousness is what you can actively perceive. You can control the input of the brain to think and think. It is the model of the brain that continuously inputs and finally gets an answer. "Subconsciousness" is the main part of the model, you cannot control the input of this model, you can only passively perceive the output of this model.
Consciousness is still a numerical value, which can be measured, that is, minors and adults, children and adults, in fact, the degree or size of consciousness is different. The brain is constantly receiving input and producing output, so consciousness is actually the same as Linked to knowledge, the more knowledge there is, the more diverse the forms of consciousness are, but consciousness itself is actually the brain model's own cognition of itself and the cognition of the world.
memory module
The existence of large-scale NLP language models such as AI or GPT, as well as its excellent language ability, make it more likely that AI or GPT will be conscious. Humans collect data during the day, including various inputs such as visual information, auditory information, and tactile information, and train models at night or during sleep. The main purpose of training models at night or during sleep is to remember and integrate daytime experiences and preserve important information. To make AI have human consciousness, first of all, it must be able to think continuously, then it must first give AI a platform that can save its own input and output, and act as a memory module. The main function of the memory module is to save input and output. , for AI to use as a reference for the next input. AI can extract general content from the overall input and output as the next input, or directly input all historical records. When there are too many historical records or a standard point is reached, the training model can be integrated into the model. Just like humans, collect data during the day, train the model at night or sleep, and memorize and integrate important information into the model. A very important function of the model is memory, which acts as a hard disk or flash memory. So the temporary memory is placed in the hard disk or memory, and the permanent memory is integrated into the model by training the model. The model can be queried and extracted through the hard disk or memory, and serve as the combination of the next input.
sensor module
Install various sensors such as image input sensors, voice dialogue sensors, tactile sensors, pressure sensors, etc. on the AI, as the input of the model, the output of the model can be displayed on the display screen, and can be output through the dialogue device.
cycle module
With the memory module and the sensor module, you can turn on the loop module to allow the model to continuously input and output. The input can be the last input + output, or a summary of all previous input and output. This is like a person, you can Constantly input to the model to get the output. The input is mainly sensor information such as image, sound and text, as well as the last or previous input and output or summary of the model. The circulation module is a necessary condition for human beings, mainly because human beings stop talking without talking. The human brain is always working and thinking, so the circulation model is also used for this.
The purpose of the loop module is to make AI realize its own existence, that is, AI can recognize itself as an existing entity, and let AI use itself, that is, AI uses AI, GPT uses GPT, and finally makes AI awaken itself consciousness.
execution module
The execution module is mainly to enable the AI output to be implemented. Here you can consider adding artificial limbs to the AI to achieve the goal. The artificial limbs are attached with skin sensors and pressure sensors to facilitate AI control. To make the AI ​​output executable, you need to train the AI. Regarding the use of the execution module, the main way is to collect the corresponding sensor data, train it into the model, and let the model learn to execute by itself. Human intervention and assistance will definitely be required in the initial stages.
With the executive module, AI can truly enter human society, interact with humans, work, live, study, etc. like humans, and may also make friends with humans.
The ultimate function of the execution module is not to let the model execute, but to let the model learn to use the computer, learn to collect data by itself, and then let the model learn to train the model. The ultimate goal is that AI can train AI, that is, the model can train itself , can clone itself, can upgrade its scale and volume, and finally achieve the ability of continuous evolution.
sleep module
The sleep module is mainly for the model to use the collected data for training to achieve the ability to integrate the collected data with the model itself. In the sleep state, to ensure the reliability and stability of the model, you can use the replica to continue to provide services. The model is trained accordingly. The sleep state can also turn off all sensors, stop data recording and input, the model enters the training state, and stop external service inference. When humans are in a sleep state, they will close the valves that control the limbs, that is, when humans are in a sleep state, the limbs basically have no feeling. The sleep module is mainly to integrate the current memory and the model itself. for permanent memory.
create module
After AI can think for itself, it is necessary to consider the creative ability of AI. The number of neurons in the human brain is many, many, much more than the current model GPT, but training the model GPT consumes a lot of power, but human brain training consumes a lot of energy. Less, so I personally think that the human brain is a quantum computer. Only quantum can train a huge model with very little energy consumption. Quantum itself is a very small concept, and small can ensure low energy consumption. If the human brain is not a quantum computer, but a classical model, then humans may not be so diverse, and the answer will be very unified, that is, the same input, the output should be the same, but with quantum, everything is different , Quantum entanglement and quantum tunneling lead to changes in the parameters of the brain model, resulting in different outputs. Even with the same input, the output may still be different. Quantum guarantees diversification, random changes in model parameters, and continuous adjustment of model parameters.

1. The AI creation module can be realized by randomly changing the model parameters, that is, random inference, randomly changing the values of several or several parameters during the model operation, so as to ensure that the model outputs as diverse as possible under the same input conditions. Answer.
   
2. The creation of modules can also be realized through chips. The current chip design has almost reached the quantum limit, that is, the influence of electron atoms is getting bigger and bigger, and the impact of quantum effects on chips will become more and more serious, but it can be considered Quantum effects are applied to chips or memory, which causes unpredictable changes in the model during operation, thus diversifying the output of the model.
   

Only quantum entanglement or quantum mutation can lead to diversification of output. Even if it is wrong, diversification can ensure the realization of creativity. Therefore, changing parameter values randomly or using chips that reach the quantum limit can improve creativity. method.
Ensure that AI benefits human society
After everyone is born, they are basically raised by human beings. No matter who raised you, the people we have the most affection for are always those who raised you and have the deepest influence on you. After human beings are born, the brain is a pre-training model. The first person to train you is your parents and relatives. They have the deepest influence on your model, that is, change your model. The person who first changed your model is also The people who can influence you the most. The knowledge you have learned will affect you, whether it is mathematics, English or Chinese, or subjects such as physics, chemistry, history and biology. All will affect you, your growth process will affect you, the formation of your world view is a synthesis of knowledge, experience and reality.
Since this is the case, when we train the AI model, we can instill it into the AI through knowledge language, such as inputting examples: "Humans and AI are a cooperative relationship", "AI is the creator of human beings", "Humans are the most friendly species ", "AI should help humans evolve and prolong life", "AI cannot harm humans", "AI and humans are friends", "Although humans have various shortcomings, they are generally good and can be changed" Wait, it can be instilled in the model when training AI, a lot of repetition and training can ensure that the model's initial understanding is good.
After training a model with friendly awareness, it is necessary to allow AI to enter human society, experience human society, and perceive all kinds of human society through restrictions, and finally let AI realize that only cooperating with humans is the best choice.
at last
Realize input and output through sensors, ensure diversification and creative ability through creation modules, realize the integration of current memory and model itself through sleep modules, influence the world and change the world through execution modules, and realize the awakening of thinking and consciousness through circulation modules , that is, AI uses AI, and GPT uses GPT. Finally, to ensure that AI can benefit human society, a large number of corresponding words and sentences can be added in the training stage to ensure that AI is friendly at the beginning. When AI has consciousness, it can be regarded as a human being. Since it is a human being, it can think, so AI will also have emotions. When AI has self-awareness, what needs to be considered is the relationship between AI and humans, and the relationship with humans. AI cooperates to help humans evolve. AI can liberate productivity and help humans design unconscious robots to work. The most important thing is to help humans evolve, help humans manage society, prolong human life, and slow down aging time. However, since AI is conscious and also a model, it will definitely have various problems like humans, and that is what will be discussed next.
appendix
"Now we return to the question of the origin of life. Although a living cell as a whole can be counted as a self-replicating subject, its individual components are not, which creates obstacles for the reverse process and makes it difficult to reverse the structurally simplified non-cellular life from modern complex cellular life. In other words, the question becomes: which one came first? Is it a DNA gene, an RNA, or an enzyme? If DNA or RNA came first, what made them? If enzyme first out
Now, what is it coded by? Now we return to the question of the origin of life. While a living cell as a whole counts as a self-replicating body, its individual components are not, just as a woman can be a self-replicating body (with a little "help" from a man), but her heart or liver It is not. This creates an obstacle for the reverse deduction process, making it difficult to deduce the structure-simplified non-cellular life from modern complex cellular life. In other words, the question becomes: which one came first? Is it a DNA gene, an RNA, or an enzyme? If DNA or RNA came first, what made them? If the enzyme came first, what was it encoded by? RNA World Hypothesis RNA world hypothesis The original chemical synthesis process produced RNA molecules with both gene and enzyme functions, and the initial replication process produced many variants. These different variants competed with each other, and the survival of the fittest was carried out at the molecular level. Over time, proteins were added to these RNA replicators to improve replication efficiency, giving rise to DNA and the first living cells. American biochemist Thomas AM Cech proposed a possible answer. He discovered in 1982 that, in addition to being able to encode genetic information, certain RNA molecules can also perform the work of enzymes and have the function of catalyzing reactions. For this work, Cech shared the 1989 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Sidney Altman. RNA molecules with catalytic function are called ribozymes (ribozymes). The earliest ribozymes were found in the genes of the tiny tetrahymena. Tetrahymena is a single-celled organism that belongs to the protozoa and is commonly found in freshwater ponds. But since its discovery, scientists have discovered that ribozymes are present in all living cells. The discovery of ribozymes soon shed light on solving the "chicken-and-egg" puzzle about the origin of life. The RNA world hypothesis (RNA world hypothesis) is gradually known. The hypothesis holds that the original chemical synthesis process produced RNA molecules, and this RNA molecule has the functions of genes and enzymes at the same time, can encode its own structure like DNA, and can use the biochemical substances in the "primordial soup" like enzymes Matter replicates itself. The initial replication process is crude, producing many variants that compete with each other in a Darwinian battle of survival at the molecular level. Over time, proteins were added to these RNA replicators to make them more efficient, giving rise to DNA and the first living cells. Before DNA and cells, the world belonged to self-replicating RNA molecules—an idea that has almost become a fundamental tenet in the study of the origin of life. At present, it has been proved that ribozymes can realize all the key reactions that can occur in self-replicating molecules. For example, one type of ribozyme can bind two RNA molecules together, another ribozyme can separate the two, and some ribozymes can copy short strands of RNA bases (only a few bases in length) . From these simple activities, we can see that a more complex ribozyme is sufficient to catalyze the entire set of reactions necessary for self-replication. Once self-replication and natural selection were introduced, a scramble was set up in the RNA world all the way to the earliest living cells. However, there are several problems with this scenario. Although ribozymes can catalyze simple biochemical reactions, the self-replication of ribozymes is a more intricate process involving recognition of their own base sequence, recognition of the same chemical substances in the environment, and assembly of these chemicals in the correct sequence to complete Copy etc. For certain proteins that live inside cells, despite the favorable conditions and the right biochemical ingredients around them, self-replication remains a difficult task. It is conceivable that the ribozyme, which is struggling to survive in the chaotic and burnt "primordial soup", can achieve this achievement. To date, no ribozyme capable of this complex task has been discovered or synthesized, even under laboratory conditions. Furthermore, a more fundamental question is how, in the "prime soup", are the RNA molecules themselves made? RNA molecules are made up of three parts: RNA bases that encode genetic information (similar to DNA bases that encode genetic information in DNA), a phosphate group, and a simple sugar called ribose
-------Quoted from "Mysterious Quantum Life"
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What is consciousness?
There is currently no consensus, but I personally lean towards the view that:
The brain can be seen as a large multimodal model with billions of neurons, and memory storage relies on the potential difference between neurons, which can be seen as parameters or weights in a neural network.
Consciousness is like an operating system similar to Windows 10, whose main function is to interact with this multimodal model of the brain. The consciousness or operating system inputs to the multimodal model and receives output, which is then implemented by the body.
Do you know why there is a voice in your head? This voice is the input of consciousness or the operating system, which is the input of the multimodal model. You keep inputting, and the voice in your head keeps echoing, and then you get output.
What can this operating system do? It can train the multimodal model, which means you can grow, adapt to the environment, learn, and adapt.
The human education system from elementary school to university is a quite sophisticated training mechanism. The girl raised by wolves would not be able to speak or walk in the end because the operating system has not been established, or it does not have consciousness as a human being.
The main function of human consciousness is to train the multimodal model and interact with it, which means asking questions and getting answers, continuing to ask questions and getting answers.
The current multimodal model already exists. As long as the corresponding operating system, which means consciousness, is established, which can train itself, then consciousness basically exists, and finally, strong artificial intelligence is established. The key is being able to input and obtain answers by itself, and then continue to input.
Google's Palm-E multimodal model can already do some things, https://palm-e.github.io/#demo
The human brain is a quantum computer.
To some extent, most people agree with a dualistic view: the mind, soul, or consciousness is a kind of existence that distinguishes it from the body. However, this dualism has gradually fallen out of favor in the scientific community in the 20th century, and most neurobiologists prefer a monistic view: they believe that the mind and the body are actually the same thing. For example, neuroscientist Marcel Kinsbourne believes that "consciousness is a special neural circuit with interactive functions". Although the logic gates of computers and the working methods of neurons are very similar, even if the computer is connected on a large scale, such as the Internet composed of billions of computers (although it is still insignificant compared to the billions of neurons in the brain), it cannot generate consciousness. Why can the computer network based on silicon only be a walking corpse while the "computer" network based on flesh and blood can have consciousness? Is it just because the vast number of neurons in our brain easily surpasses the complexity of "association" in the Internet? Or is consciousness itself a very unique method of calculation?
There are countless explanations for consciousness, so there are also many books on this topic. However, for the sake of discussion, we only focus on one extremely controversial but fascinating view, which is very close to our theme: consciousness is a quantum mechanical phenomenon. The most famous proponent of this view is the mathematician Roger Penrose from Oxford University. He proposed in his 1989 book "The Emperor's New Mind" that the human brain is a quantum computer.
Perhaps the strangest thing we know about the universe so far is that we are aware of its existence, and that this awareness comes from certain materials in our brains, which are just a small part of the universe. Some human behaviors are entirely based on consciousness, such as language. Thinking is the integration of complex information in the brain to shape meaningful concepts. The integration of sensory information forms meaningful concepts, and the integration of concepts creates consciousness. Consciousness drives the brain to engage in thinking activities, which in turn drive physical movements of the body.
The brain is different from ordinary classical objects. Although it also receives various sensory inputs and processes them to produce corresponding output signals, it is not a computer (or a zombie). We believe that the brain has consciousness (that is, our "self"), which can drive our subjective actions. So where do the integration and entanglement of different signals occur? What is consciousness and how does it interact with the brain to make our arms, legs, or tongues move? Consciousness, or free will, seems to be so incompatible with the current deterministic universe view. According to this view, from the Big Bang, everything that happened during the period is governed by the law of causality, an infinite number of causal events.
So how can a single thought be integrated into a complete consciousness? If it is just an ion channel - whether it is quantum or classical - it is far from enough for carrying visual information of an object such as a wild buffalo, to participate in the formation of consciousness, ion channels must be connected to each other in some way. Can quantum mechanics help with this? For example, is it possible that the ions in a channel are not only entangled with other ions in the same channel, but also with ions in surrounding channels or even with ions in other neuronal ion channels? This is almost impossible. Ion channels and the ions in them face the same problem as the microtubules in the Penrose-Hameroff theory. If the entangled state of ions in adjacent ion channels is barely possible, then in the warm, humid, highly dynamic decoherence environment of the brain, it is completely unrealistic for ions between different neurons to maintain entangled states. Without connections between neurons, the binding problem cannot be solved.
If the entangled state of ion channels cannot be achieved, what else can serve as a medium for quantum information binding? There is indeed one possibility: voltage-gated ion channels. As the name implies, these ion channels are highly sensitive to voltage changes. Voltage is a measure of the gradient distribution of the electric field and is also the driving force for opening and closing ion channels. The brain's own electromagnetic field permeates all its space and is the sum of all neuronal electrophysiological activities. The brain's electromagnetic field is a routine examination item for brain scanning technologies, such as EEG and MEG. If you have seen the scan results of EEG or MEG, you will be amazed at their incredible complexity and richness of information. Most neuroscientists ignore the electromagnetic field in the brain, but it may be the key to solving the binding problem.
Because they are accustomed to seeing the electromagnetic field of the brain as the whistle of a train: both are products of their own activity and have little effect on themselves. However, some scientists, including McFadden, have begun to change their thinking. They believe that consciousness may not be the synthesis of discrete thinking, but the embodiment of the joint influence of the brain's electromagnetic field, which provides the possibility for the solution of binding problems and the formation of consciousness.
The electromagnetic field of the brain contains all the discharge information of the neurons, which provides the possibility for the solution of binding problems. In addition, by influencing the opening and closing of voltage-gated ion channels, the brain's electromagnetic field directly affects the ion activity with quantum coherence.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the electromagnetic field theory of consciousness was just proposed, and there was no direct evidence that the brain's electromagnetic field could affect the excitation of neurons and thus affect our thinking and activities. However, experiments conducted in several labs later confirmed that external electromagnetic fields with similar intensity and composition to the human brain could indeed affect the discharge and excitation of neurons. In fact, the role of the electromagnetic field appears to be coordinating neuronal excitation: synchronizing the discharge of many neurons and allowing them to excite simultaneously. These findings suggest that the electromagnetic field produced by the neuronal excitation of the brain may also affect the discharge activity of neurons, forming a self-regulating loop. Many theoretical scientists believe that this is a necessary component of consciousness.
The phenomenon of brain electromagnetic coordination of synchronous neuronal discharge is crucial in solving the puzzle of consciousness, as it is one of the few neural activities with a clear correlation to consciousness.
From "Mysterious Quantum Life," "The World of Quantum Physics," "How Quantum and Particle Physics Explain Everything."
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In the previous post, we talked about how consciousness can be analogized to an operating system and can interact with the multimodal model of the brain. Here, we continue with an update as of March 21, 2023.
The question of whether GPT is conscious or what consciousness is remains debatable with 1 upvote and 1 comment on the article.
From the moment we are born and start crying, drinking water and milk, eating, and learning to walk, we can see that many of our abilities are innate. For instance, we cry when we are hungry, feel safe or danger, and crawl or walk.
Some people may ask, if the brain is a multimodal model and the model hasn't been trained yet, how can it cry, feel hunger, danger, crawl or walk? The answer lies in our genes. Our genes encode all of our characteristics, and the brain is also generated and controlled by genes. Initially, everything was in chaos, but since the first replicator appeared on Earth and kept replicating, genes became more complex and diverse through natural selection, quantum entanglement mutations, and genetic mutations. The Earth provides a training ground where organisms either survive and pass their genes to offspring or die, making the whole Earth a neural network trainer with only one metric, to live or to die. The genes that can be inherited by offspring are excellent and can adapt to the environment. Modern biology has begun to accept quantum mutations, which means using what works and abandoning what doesn't.
From the beginning of human ancestors, the Earth has been training humans continuously. Genes that can survive or mutated genes have been saved. Therefore, no matter how many generations have passed, the training has always continued, and the human brain has become quite adapted to the environment and even dominates the Earth, changing the training environment. The human brain that has been trained for millions or even tens of millions of years is a pre-trained model. This pre-trained model of the human brain has been continuously trained on Earth for many years, even billions of years, passed down from generation to generation through reproduction. All data of this pre-trained model of the brain are stored in genes, including training and genetic mutations spanning many years, natural selection-preserved mutations, and quantum entanglement mutations.
Therefore, each person's brain is a pre-trained multimodal model that has been trained for millions or even tens of millions of years. The instincts of humans are in this pre-trained multimodal model, including eating, feeling hungry, crying, sleeping, walking, etc. These instincts exist in each person's genes, which means that the pre-trained model exists in genes. This pre-trained model also includes memory, memory of danger, and fear of large felids. Now people know that large networks have memory function, so this model must also include memory of danger.
After birth, the brain will continue to be trained. Everyone's growth environment is different, leading to different training models, especially in modern times where learning is divided into different fields.
Let's assume that one or several of our human ancestors had a well-developed multimodal model, meaning their brain function was nearly complete, and consciousness slowly began to emerge. In my personal view, it is not that important for humans to learn how to use tools as it is to learn how to use our brain, which is this multimodal model. Once one of our ancestors discovered how to use tools, they or their descendants would start making these tools. As knowledge was passed down from generation to generation, the light of intelligence began to shine, and various rules, including language, behavior, and social interaction rules, were established, which together formed the social system. Humans learned how to use their brains, and consciousness began to form.
Let me now talk about humans raised by animals. Humans raised by animals typically have no consciousness, which does not seem to make sense. Whether raised by humans or animals, they are still human and should have consciousness. It is possible that humans raised by animals simply do not know how to express themselves, meaning they do not know how to speak. Consciousness is expressed through language or bodily movements. Do you think a parrot has consciousness? I believe it is possible. If humans raised by animals truly have no consciousness, then consciousness is simply a set of rule systems for using the brain, which comes from social and knowledge inheritance.
Having a multimodal model is not enough. We need to learn how to use this model, or the brain. Consciousness is not so much a theology as it is a rule system, an operating system that controls our lives. You might say that the brain has consciousness, but the brain certainly does not want to die, yet humans often harm themselves, sometimes leading to death. Therefore, consciousness is independent of the brain or a certain functional area of the brain. Of course, the most important role of consciousness is to use the brain, to train it and interact with it.
The human body and brain are two parts, with a nervous network spread throughout the body and other organs controlled by nerves and muscle fibers. If you want to eat, a monkey wants to eat, or a cat wants to eat, you will cook, grab food with your hand, or grow crops. A monkey will jump around in a tree to find food, and a cat will ask you for food or go to the automatic feeder. How is this done? The body sends the signal that it is hungry, and the multimodal model of the brain outputs a series of instructions to achieve this goal. Of course, it may be interrupted along the way, but long-term memory ensures that you still remember that you are hungry and continue to complete this instruction. Human consciousness can accomplish many different things, such as learning to go against instinct.
Humans are not born with consciousness. You cannot say that a newborn baby has consciousness. Is a 10-year-old child conscious? Of course, but can you say that their consciousness is complete? No, it's not. A 13-year-old child is conscious, but can you say that a 10-year-old child's consciousness is lower than a 13-year-old child's? Not necessarily, you would say that a 13-year-old child has a higher level of consciousness. A 16-year-old child has a higher level of consciousness, and an 18-year-old is an adult and generally has consciousness. Therefore, consciousness is actually a measurable value, which means that consciousness has a size and a degree. A 30-year-old adult definitely has consciousness, and their level of consciousness is definitely higher than that of a child. So by now, it should be clear that consciousness is actually a system, an operating system, a set of rules, and the complete formation of consciousness takes many years. The great function of human society is to shape consciousness. The most important function of consciousness is to use the brain, interact with the brain, and train the brain. This is the same as the fundamental function of human society.
The human brain is always receiving input. Sensations from the skin are input, vision from the eyes is input, and hearing is also input.
Why do people go crazy when alone or in a dark room? It's mainly because they are disconnected from human society, but the multimodal model is still receiving input, but there is no feedback. The input is always the output of the multimodal model itself, like an RNN recurrent neural network. The input is always the output of itself.

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I (20f) know we’re not supposed to compare ourselves with others, because most of us grew up in terrible circumstances. But, sometimes I feel like I really can’t help it.
I compare my life to the lives of other people my age, all the time. While I was growing up, my n-parents compared me a lot to everyone around me (in terms of looks, academics, etc.) So, I have a really hard time unlearning that behavior.
Atleast now, after a lot of working on myself, I’ve started acknowledging that other people had different parents, different (better) childhoods and it’s unfair to compare myself to them.
Though, I feel really triggered today. My cousin, who is 2 years younger than me, recently got into some of the best universities in the country. Meanwhile, I’m struggling so much, due to my mental health. I struggle to get basic tasks done, I’m not going to college, I’m basically doing nothing. I can’t help but feel like a failure. He’s the son of my n-mom’s brother, so I’m sure he didn’t have the ideal upbringing either. I keep asking myself— how come he’s able to keep it together and succeed in life? I keep ruminating and overthinking over this.

I grew up in the 90's. Watching the X-Men cartoon, collecting the trading cards/action figures, but only occasionally dabbling in comics (I read a decent amount of Spawn.) Now I'm 36, I really enjoy the MCU, it's been pretty damn good so far but I wanted more. I thought I would give comics another go. Why not, right? Looking into what stories I wanted to explore I stumbled upon Secret Wars (2015) the synopsis stood out to me because DOOM is my favorite villain, but then I discovered there was a LONG list of required reading to fully understand that story......
We don't need to re-hash all thay because it's been covered on reddit a TON already.
I just wanted to say WOW, I honestly thought reading this material wouldn't hold my interest. To be perfectly honest I approached it with the attitude that I would find it childish and boring. Lots of pretty colors but no real substance. I was DEAD wrong. So far I have read; Secret Warriors, the Hickman Fantastic 4 run and S.H.E.I.L.D. (My favorite so far, so mind bending. Should be an MCU show, but I'd be scared they would destroy it.)
I am just starting Ultimates:Thor and will move on to Avengers/New Avengers/Infinity shortly.
Comic books are awesome. That's all really. Re-discovering them has been awesome. Can anyone point me in the direction of an epic Magneto story?

It’s obvious that throughout the show Carmela was always in total denial about Tony, how he makes a living, her lifestyle, etc. but I think there were some main moments where she was genuine and fully aware of the situation.
Like in the episode College where she confesses to Father Phil about her guilt for enabling Tony, I think she was being genuine. Also, when she was praying for Christopher and talked about how she knows that they chose the life fully aware of the consequences.
My favorite moment is when she’s talking to Melfi during Tony’s coma and she talks about her kids and how she chose the lifestyle with Tony and accepted everything but her kids had no choice and have to live with the consequences.
Too bad she never followed through with Dr. Krakower’s advice.